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  1. Due to the lunar landing site restrictions that resulted from constraining the launch to a free return that flew by the Moon, subsequent Apollo missions, starting with Apollo 12 and including the ill-fated Apollo 13, used a hybrid trajectory that launched to a highly elliptical Earth orbit that fell short of the Moon with effectively a free return to the atmospheric entry corridor.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-return_trajectory
    To do this, the service module’s propulsion system provided a 4.6-metre- (15-foot-) per-second velocity change designed to lower the command module’s closest approach to the Moon from 389 km (242 miles) to 109 km (68 miles) and place the craft on a “non-free-return” trajectory.
    www.britannica.com/topic/Apollo-13-mission
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    Apollo 13 - Wikipedia

    At 30:40:50 into the mission, with the TV camera running, the crew performed a burn to place Apollo 13 on a hybrid trajectory. The departure from a free-return trajectory meant that if no further burns were performed, Apollo 13 would miss Earth on its return trajectory, rather than intercept it, as with a free return. [ 101 ] See more

    Apollo 13 (April 11–17, 1970) was the seventh crewed mission in the Apollo space program and the third meant to land on the Moon. The craft was launched from Kennedy Space Center on April 11, 1970, but the lunar … See more

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    Apollo 13's mission commander, Jim Lovell, was 42 years old at the time of the spaceflight. He was a graduate of the United States Naval Academy and had been a naval aviator and test pilot before being selected for the second group of astronauts See more

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    The Saturn V rocket used to carry Apollo 13 to the Moon was numbered SA-508, and was almost identical to those used on Apollo 8 through 12. Including the spacecraft, the … See more

    Apollo 13's designated landing site was near Fra Mauro crater; the Fra Mauro formation was believed to contain much material spattered by the impact that had filled the See more

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    In 1961, U.S. President John F. Kennedy challenged his nation to land an astronaut on the Moon by the end of the decade, with a safe return to Earth. NASA worked towards this goal … See more

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    The Apollo 13 mission insignia depicts the Greek god of the Sun, Apollo, with three horses pulling his chariot across the face of the Moon, and the Earth seen in the distance. This is … See more

    The Apollo 13 prime crew undertook over 1,000 hours of mission-specific training, more than five hours for every hour of the mission's ten-day … See more

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  4. Apollo 13: Mission Details - NASA

  5. Apollo 13 Flight Journal - Day 3, part 4: Free Return - NASA

  6. Free-return trajectory - Wikipedia

  7. Apollo 13 Flight Journal - Day 1, part 2: Earth Orbit and …

    Nov 14, 2023 · Apollo 13's planned trajectory. In the case of a TLI, this engine burn to raise the apogee will turn their circular orbit into a highly elliptic one, with the new apogee beyond the orbit of the Moon. The maneuver is aimed to be in …

  8. Apollo 13 Flight Path - The Planetary Society

    Apollo 13 Flight Path Apollo 13's flight trajectory, with major milestones. The S-IVB is the Saturn V rocket's 3rd stage, which was purposefully sent on a path to impact the lunar surface to help calibrate seismometers emplaced by Apollos …

  9. Apollo 13 - The Planetary Society

    Apr 4, 2020 · Apollo 13 Flight Path Apollo 13's flight trajectory, with major milestones. The S-IVB is the Saturn V rocket's 3rd stage, which was purposefully sent on a path to impact the lunar surface to help calibrate seismometers …

  10. Spaceflight mission report: Apollo 13

    Jul 9, 2023 · Apollo 13 was launched on Saturn V SA-508 on April, 11 1970 at 19:13:00 UTC from pad 39-A at Kennedy Space Center. During second stage boost the center engine of the S-II stage cut off 132 seconds early, causing …

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